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81.
Adsorption enthalpy and desorption enthalpy during displacement of adsorbate to solvent in a liquid-solid system 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Xinpeng Geng Tongshan Han Chen Cao 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》1995,45(1-2):157-165
The adsorption heat of the stoichiometric displacement process for the adsorption of a solute in a liquid-solid system was
investigated. On the basis of the SDM-A and the rule of the additivity of energy, an expression which describes the dependence
of the adsorption enthalpy on the nature and concentration of the solute, and on the solvent and adsorbent, was derived. The
adsorption heat determined for the solute with the traditional method can be divided into two independent fractions, relating
to the adsorption of the solute and to the desorption of the solvent. Experimental data on both isotherms from the literatures
and precise calorimetry were used to test the adsorption heat and its fractions computed quantitatively via the equations
presented in this study, and a satisfactory degree of conformity between them was obtained.
Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province in China. 相似文献
82.
N. I. Surovtseva A. M. Eremenko N. P. Smirnova V. A. Pokrovskii T. V. Fesenko G. N. Starukh 《Theoretical and Experimental Chemistry》2007,43(4):235-240
The effect of nanosized porous films (average density 10 g/m2) of TiO2. TiO2/SiO2, and SiO2 on the photostability of adsorbed methylene blue (MB) dye during UV irradiation in air was investigated by optical spectroscopy
and laser-induced mass spectrometry. The effectiveness of the photodecomposition of MB decreases in the order TiO2 > TiO2/SiO2 > SiO2 with rate constants 1E-2, 0.6E-2, and 0.3E-2 min−1 respectively. A mechanism including the participation of both excited states of the dye molecules and photoexcited titanium
dioxide is proposed for the photodecolorization of MB adsorbed on the surface of the investigated films.
__________
Translated from Teoreticheskaya i éksperimental’naya Khimiya, Vol. 43, No. 4, pp. 220–225, July–August, 2007. 相似文献
83.
论述了用激光解吸电离谱法分析富勒烯。因在电离过程中富勒分子不发生裂解,因此这种方法可直接用于富勒烯混合物的分析而勿需任何预分离。还给出了用本法分析较大、较稳定富勒烯分子的质谱图。 相似文献
84.
A new reactor and a novel in-situ sampling technique were developed for the study of the synthesis of CeO2 powders produced from dissolved cerium nitrate salts. The conical reactor minimized particle recirculation and provided a
highly symmetrical and undisturbed plasma flow suitable for the analysis of the phenomena affecting the formation of CeO2 powders. Both a calorimetric study of the reactor and a thermodynamic analysis of CeO2 formation were conducted. The sampling probe is described and near-isokinetic sampling was achieved. The sampled particles
were collected using a miniature wet collection system, i.e. a mist atomizer and a custom-made spray chamber. A numerical
simulation of the velocity and temperature fields of the plasma gas in the reactor was done using Fluent. A comprehensive
droplet-to-particle formation mechanism presented elsewhere is revisited and expanded based on calorimetry, thermodynamics
of CeO2 formation, numerical simulations and collected particles. No traces of other oxidation states other than CeO2 were found. 相似文献
85.
用环形扩散管和滤纸联用采样技术采集空气中氨和铵盐 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
建立了环形扩散管和滤纸采样夹联用,分形态同时采集空气中所态氨和颗粒态铵盐的方法。在同一气流中,采用涂渍1.5%草酸乙醇水溶液的环形扩散管采集气态氨,用浸渍上述试剂的玻璃纤维纸和慢速定量滤纸分别采集颗粒安和第一层滤纸上的铵盐挥发产生的氨气。用靛酚蓝比色法分别测定氨和铵盐。当采气流速为1.0L/min时,采样效率高于98.2%。将本法测得的氨气和铵盐的总量与标准采样方法的测定结果比较。无显著性差异(P 相似文献
86.
Thermodynamical approach to the traveling salesman problem: An efficient simulation algorithm 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
V. Černý 《Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications》1985,45(1):41-51
We present a Monte Carlo algorithm to find approximate solutions of the traveling salesman problem. The algorithm generates randomly the permutations of the stations of the traveling salesman trip, with probability depending on the length of the corresponding route. Reasoning by analogy with statistical thermodynamics, we use the probability given by the Boltzmann-Gibbs distribution. Surprisingly enough, using this simple algorithm, one can get very close to the optimal solution of the problem or even find the true optimum. We demonstrate this on several examples.We conjecture that the analogy with thermodynamics can offer a new insight into optimization problems and can suggest efficient algorithms for solving them.The author acknowledges stimulating discussions with J. Piút concerning the main ideas of the present paper. The author is also indebted to P. Brunovský, J. erný, M. Hamala, . Peko, . Znám, and R. Zajac for useful comments. 相似文献
87.
Fe3O4/TiO2 纳米材料靶上脱盐的基质辅助激光解析/电离质谱新方法研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
建立了一种简便、高效的靶上脱盐新方法。利用Fe3O4/TiO2磁性纳米材料对肽段的吸附作用,将其作为载体用于靶上肽段富集和脱盐。在对纳米材料使用量、浸洗条件进行优化的基础上,成功地鉴定了溶于10mol/L尿素溶液的100fmol的肌红蛋白样品,也对溶于3mol/L尿素溶液中的10fmol的肌红蛋白样品进行了成功地分析鉴定。通过对肌红蛋白样品进行预处理和质谱分析重复实验,表明该方法重现性好,且简便、高效,所需时间短,一次可同时处理多个样品,易于实现通量化,为有效地解决目前蛋白质组分析中所面临的基质辅助激光解析/离子化飞行时间质谱耐盐性差的问题提供了一种新的手段。 相似文献
88.
The structures of the inclusion compounds formed by the host 9,9’-(ethyne-1,2-diyl)bis(fluoren-9-01) with pyridine and picolines are similar and display tubular topology. The host discriminates poorly between
these guests. The kinetics of desorption of the pyridine compound is governed by the Avrami-Erofe’ev equation A2, with an
activation energy of 111(7) kJ mol−1. 相似文献
89.
Employing hot tungsten filament to thermal dissociate molecular hydrogen,we generated gas phase atomic hydrogen under ultra-high vacuum(UHV)conditions and investigated its interaction with Pt(111) surface.Thermal desorption spectroscopy(TDS)results demonstrate that adsorption of molecular hy- drogen on Pt(111)forms surface Had species whereas adsorption of atomic hydrogen forms not only surface Had species but also bulk Had species.Bulk Had species is more thermal-unstable than surface Had species on Pt(111),suggesting that bulk Had species is more energetic.This kind of weakly- adsorbed bulk Had species might be the active hydrogen species in the Pt-catalyzed hydrogenation reactions. 相似文献
90.
The change in semiconductive properties of β-apo-8′-carotenal, astacene and methyl bixin on adsorption of various vapours
on the crystallite surfaces has been studied at a constant sample temperature. The adsorption of vapours enhances the semiconductivity
of the polyenes appreciably. This enhancement depends on the chemical nature and also on the pressure of the adsorbed vapour.
The adsorption and desorption kinetics follow the modified Roginsky-Zeldovich relation. A two stage desorption process, the
first stage of which gives a Lennard-Jones potential energy curve and is followed by a rate-determining transition over a
potential energy barrier to the second stage of adsorption forming weakly bound complexes between the vapour molecules and
the polyene crystallites, can explain satisfactorily the experimentally observed kinetic data. 相似文献